全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23443篇 |
免费 | 4346篇 |
国内免费 | 2714篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 17035篇 |
晶体学 | 289篇 |
力学 | 1371篇 |
综合类 | 141篇 |
数学 | 630篇 |
物理学 | 11037篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 15篇 |
2023年 | 221篇 |
2022年 | 399篇 |
2021年 | 633篇 |
2020年 | 853篇 |
2019年 | 678篇 |
2018年 | 608篇 |
2017年 | 688篇 |
2016年 | 951篇 |
2015年 | 1021篇 |
2014年 | 1252篇 |
2013年 | 2101篇 |
2012年 | 1446篇 |
2011年 | 1744篇 |
2010年 | 1410篇 |
2009年 | 1556篇 |
2008年 | 1648篇 |
2007年 | 1731篇 |
2006年 | 1683篇 |
2005年 | 1360篇 |
2004年 | 1226篇 |
2003年 | 1055篇 |
2002年 | 1013篇 |
2001年 | 712篇 |
2000年 | 603篇 |
1999年 | 491篇 |
1998年 | 440篇 |
1997年 | 425篇 |
1996年 | 349篇 |
1995年 | 362篇 |
1994年 | 312篇 |
1993年 | 262篇 |
1992年 | 214篇 |
1991年 | 172篇 |
1990年 | 152篇 |
1989年 | 104篇 |
1988年 | 105篇 |
1987年 | 78篇 |
1986年 | 74篇 |
1985年 | 61篇 |
1984年 | 67篇 |
1983年 | 19篇 |
1982年 | 49篇 |
1981年 | 35篇 |
1980年 | 34篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 10篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 62 毫秒
81.
82.
83.
针对大气垂直方向上消光系数分布不均匀难以用传统方法直接测量垂直能见度的问题,提出了一种基于激光雷达探测垂直能见度的计算方法。根据大气辐射传输基本原理,借助于辐射传输方程,推导出了垂直能见度的计算公式;然后利用激光雷达原理方程和Klett算法反演出大气垂直方向上的消光系数分布,基于此提出了垂直能见度的迭代算法。最后,利用灰色模型GM(1,1)和批统计算法,对激光雷达反演得到的后向散射系数进行了评估,给出了误差置信区间为(0.760±0.339)×10^-4(srad·km)^-1。结果表明,该方法是一种特别有效的计算垂直能见度的方法,符合探测的基本需求,且误差小精度高。 相似文献
84.
85.
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(6):126144
The propagation of focused wave groups in intermediate water depth and the shoaling zone is experimentally and numerically considered in this paper. The experiments are carried out in a two-dimensional wave flume and wave trains derived from Pierson-Moskowitz and JONSWAP spectrum are generated. The peak frequency does not change during the wave train propagation for Pierson-Moskowitz waves; however, a downshift of this peak is observed for JONSWAP waves. An energy partitioning is performed in order to track the spatial evolution of energy. Four energy regions are defined for each spectrum type. A nonlinear energy transfer between different spectral regions as the wave train propagates is demonstrated and quantified. Numerical simulations are conducted using a modified Boussinesq model for long waves in shallow waters of varying depth. Experimental results are in satisfactory agreement with numerical predictions, especially in the case of wave trains derived from JONSWAP spectrum. 相似文献
86.
On the influence of structural features of DNA on the possibility of metabolic transfer of electrons
A. D. Suprun 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2020,701(1):28-39
AbstractA fragment of a DNA molecule is considered as one of the channels of metabolic electron transfer. The heterogeneity of the complementary chains is effectively taken into account. This made it possible to find the speed of the electron injected into the DNA conduction band and the current density that it creates. Estimates of electron mobility in nucleic acid chains are made. They were an order of magnitude smaller than that of typical semiconductors. For the specific conductivity of nucleic acid chains, estimates provide a conductivity of one to two orders of magnitude lower than in graphite. 相似文献
87.
88.
本文描述了一种应用于自由电子激光结合高里德堡态氢原子飞行时间谱装置中的分光方法,以及该方法应用于小分子(如2S)光解动力学研究中的必要性. 拉曼-α辐射(121.6 nm),用作H原子产物探测的激光,是在Kr/Ar气介质中利用四波混频产生的. 利用透镜对不同波长的光有不同的折射率,四波混频后的混合光在经过一片离轴的氟化锂透镜后,121.6 nm的激光将会与212.6和845 nm在空间上分开. 在激光到达反应中心前利用挡板挡住212.6和845 nm的激光,只让121.6 nm的光经过反应中心,从而消除212.6 nm激光产生的背景信号对实验的干扰. 结合自由电子激光,成功地研究了H2S在122.95 nm波长下的光解动力学,采集到了产物时间飞行谱. 本文展示了转换得到的产物总平动能谱,解离机理与121.6 nm波长下的结果相似. 实验结果显示,该方法成功地解决了分子在VUV波段进行光解动力学研究的难题,消除了这些分子在紫外光波段因为强烈吸收而产生的背景信号. 相似文献
89.
Dr. Aleksandra Markovic Luca Gerhards Dr. Pia Sander Dr. Carsten Dosche Prof. Dr. Thorsten Klüner Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Beckhaus Prof. Gunther Wittstock 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(22):2506-2514
Multinuclear transition metal complexes bridged by ligands with extended π-electronic systems show a variety of complex electronic transitions and electron transfer reactions. While a systematic understanding of the photochemistry and electrochemistry has been attained for binuclear complexes, much less is known about trinuclear complexes such as hexaphenyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene-tristitanocene [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6]. The voltammogram of [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6] shows six oxidation and three reduction waves. Solution spectra of [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6] and of the electrochemically formed oxidation products show electronic transitions in the UV, visible and the NIR ranges. Density functional theory (DFT) and linear response time-dependent DFT show that the three formally titanium(II) centers transfer an electron to the HATN ligand in the ground state. The optically excited transitions occur exclusively between ligand-centered orbitals. The charged titanium centers only provide an electrostatic frame to the extended π-electronic system. Complete active self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculation on a structurally simplified model compound, which considers the multi-reference character imposed by the three titanium centers, can provide an interpretation of the experimentally observed temperature-dependent magnetic behavior of the different redox states of the title compound in full consistency with the interpretation of the electronic spectra. 相似文献
90.
Dr. Peiyu Ge Dr. Mohamad Hojeij Dr. Micheál D. Scanlon Prof. Hubert H. Girault 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(24):2630-2633
H2 may be evolved biphasically using a polarised liquid|liquid interface, acting as a “proton pump”, in combination with organic soluble metallocenes as electron donors. Sustainable H2 production requires methodologies to recycle the oxidised donor. Herein, the photo-recycling of decamethylferrocenium cations (DcMFc+) using aqueous core-shell semiconductor CdSe@CdS nanoparticles is presented. Negative polarisation of the liquid|liquid interface is required to extract DcMFc+ to the aqueous phase. This facilitates the efficient capture of electrons by DcMFc+ on the surface of the photo-excited CdSe@CdS nanoparticles, with hydrophobic DcMFc subsequently partitioning back to the organic phase and resetting the system. TiO2 (P25) and CdSe semiconductor nanoparticles failed to recycle DcMFc+ due to their lower conduction band energy levels. During photo-recycling, CdS (on CdSe) may be self-oxidised and photo-corrode, instead of water acting as the hole scavenger. 相似文献